Capital of the Argentine Republic, located to the E. of the country, in the right border of the estuary of the River of the Silver. The city of Buenos Aires constitutes an administrative unit denominated Capital Federal, whose population in 1995 was of 2,965,403 inhabitants. It forms continuous urban next to parties which they integrate Great Buenos Aires, that had 8,294,642 inhabitants in that year, which throws a total of 11.355.618; this turns to megalopolis Buenosairean into eighth of the planet by population and first of the austral hemisphere. Be enough to say that it concentrates by itself to a third of the population of Argentina.

Buenos Aires is located next to the river of the Silver. The most remarkable characteristic of the Buenosairean surroundings is the relief absence: the city rose on an extensive plain (Pampas) without no accident in its proximities, with which the capital landscape lacks any natural element. As it shows of the absence of unevennesses is enough to mention the peak altitude on the level of the sea, 38.7 ms, and the minim, 12.8 m.s the extension of 200 the Federal Capital is of km², although Great the 4,526 Buenos Aires reaches km². In the city-planning scope Buenos Aires it emphasizes by his modern aspect and its rectilinear and geometric design, with ample avenues, great seats and extensive green zones. The Buenosairean climate is tempered with oceanic influence, with four differentiated seasons affluent: the summer, of December to March; the winter, of June to September, and two stations of transition, autumn and spring. The annual average temperature is of 17º, being the month warmest the one of January, with 24°, and coldest the one of July, with 11°. The precipitations have an annual average of 1,096 mm Buenos Aires is not only the political and demographic center of the Argentine nation; also it is his main economic motor. The necessities of their abundant population have made possible the growth of the farming operations in their area of influence, and cause that the city absorbs the production agricultural of the bordering provinces. In the secondary sector also the absolute supremacy of Buenos Aires is pronounced, that concentrates the main industries of the country. All the productive sectors are present in the Buenosairean industrial weave (chemical automobiles, electronics, iron and steel industry, products, material of construction, etc.), although among them it excels the meat one: the city counts on the mayores slaughter houses of the country, whose production covers the inner demand and allows the export to several continents. The main financial institutions also are been in Buenos Aires, that centralizes the movements of capital at national level. Reason last of weight overwhelming of capital in economy Argentine, which it is not but expression of macrocefalia that characterizes to this country in all the scopes, is necessary to look for it in the strategic location of his port, accessible to oceanic navigation thanks to works made as of 1882. Through him it is made the practical totality of the Argentine foreign trade, as well as the communication between the routes of the Atlantic and the interior of the region of the rivers, since it is point of connection of the lines of navigation that arrive until the Argentine and Paraguayan ports from the margins of Parana and Paraguay. In Buenos Aires fluvial and oceanic, but also terrestrial and the aerial ones not only converge the routes.

The most outstanding civil buildings of Buenos Aires are:

Town hall. The Town hall is the most important Buenosairean civil building of the colonial time. It remains in his primitive enclave, determined by the Garay founder in l580. In him the revolution of May of 1810 began, that initiated the process of emancipation of Argentina. It is National Historical Monument, and its present aspect data of l940, year in which was recovered by Buschiazzo architect. It lodges the Colonial Historical Museum of the Town hall and the Revolution of May.

Pink House or president's house. It is the official residence of the President of the Republic, and one rises in the place that long ago occupied the colonial fort, errand to construct by Garay in l580. This building of end of century XVIII lodged the communal power, and in its room to capitulate declared the first government of the nation. It must its peculiar color to a decision of president Sarmiento, that, according to counts, wanted to symbolize political La Paz mixing the colors of two traditionally faced parties during century XIX: federals (red) and Unitarians (white). Its present aspect data of 1894. It emphasizes, in addition to by the tonality of his walls, its disime'trico aspect and its italianizante style.

Congress. The Congress was begun to construct in l887 and it was inaugurated several years later, l2 of May of l906, day of the ascent to the power of President Jose Figueroa Alcorta. The project of the building is work of Victor Meano, who decided on a academicista Italian style. The building is surrounded with columns corintias, and has four plants covered with white marble. A bronze quadriga crowns peristilo, builds of the escultor Victor de Pol. The cupola yergue on a drum of 20 meters of diameter and is adorned with chimerical figures.

With respect to the religious architecture they are of interest the following constructions: 


Metropolitan Cathedral. Its construction lasted almost three centuries. It is of Latin cross plant, with floors of veneciano mosaic. The greater altar is of baroque style, builds of the tallista teacher Isidro Lorea. To both sides are the altar of San Pedro and the one of Our Lady of the Dolores, in whom there is an altarpiece of century XVIII. The front of the cathedral, constructed in 1827, is work of Prosperous Catelin, and is made up of twelve columns corintias that symbolize the twelve apostles. The cathedral keeps jewels from great artistic value, between which they emphasize a safekeeping of silver with gold bath of century XVIII and a chalice of silver, gift of Juan Pablo II Church of San Ignacio. It was founded on 1722 and it has Latin cross plant. It is the oldest temple of Buenos Aires. The greater altar is work of Isidoro Lorea and was made in the XVIII. The front of the church is of baroque style. During some time it worked like greater church, while the reconstruction of the cathedral was carried out. Church of San Francisco. Its facade is of German baroque style. It is of a ship and it has a later altar to 1955, designed by Horacio Butler, who represents the glorification of San Francisco.

Chapel of San Roque. It was constructed by Antonio Masella in 1750 and consists of an only ship. The greater altar shines carved in wood and policromadas images of century XVIII. Basilica of Our Lady of the Rosary. It is of Italian Renaissance style, with Latin cross plant, and is divided in three ships.

Convent of Santo Domingo. It was begun to build in the middle of century XVIII, and counts on interesting altarpieces worked in wood. The 2 of February of 1807 were scene of the fight between the English invaders intrenched in him and the Creole troops.

Church of Our Mrs. of Bethlehem. It has Latin cross plant and it presents/displays in his facade different stylistic elements. In his inner decoration it emphasizes the stature of cedar wood San jOse, made.

Smaller basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar. It is a representative monument of the baroque American. It is of a single ship with six altars to the sides. Church of the Santisimo Sacramento. It is a creation of architects Cauvert and Coulomb, whom the style follows gothic-Romanesque. It emphasizes the greater white marble altar, scenery with onyx, mosaic and bronze.

The samples of the architecture of this century are more abundant in Buenos Aires. As a simple enumeration the following ones can be mentioned: the New Customs; the Bank Nation, with one of the mayores cupolas of the world; the Kavanagh building, that is the elevated construction more of the city; the Barolo palace; the building of the Central Mail; the Liberating building, host of the Argentine army, or the theaters Cervantes and Columbus. Between its more representative monuments they cannot let mention the one of Cristo'bal Columbus, the Freedom and the statues of generals San Marti'n, Belgrano and Alvear, as well as the famous Obelisco, getting up in 1937 in commemoration of the two foundations of the city.

Between the different neuralgic points from the city they emphasize the following ones:

Seat of May. This centric seat is by itself a compendium of the Argentine history, that is condensed in four buildings of great historical meaning: To E and N are respectively the old Hard and present President's house, and the Metropolitan Cathedral, to which already reference was made (next to the cathedral it is the seat of the Bank Nation); in the center of the seat they are the Pyramid of May and the monument to general Manuel Belgrano; to Or the Town hall, and in the borders are the New Customs and the monument to Don Juan de Garay.

Avenue 9 of Julio. It is considered like widest of the world, and is presided over by the famous Obelisco, that is raised in the center of its intersection with the avenue of Currents.

Avenue of Currents. One is the most well-known street of the city, plagued of cinemas and theaters, and traditionally considered like the center of the Buenosairean life nocta'mbula. Tango, Buenosairean rate par excellence, have in Currents its mythical territory, since in this street it was the Gold Hoop, first place where tango was danced when still it was sight by the bienpensante society like an immoral dance. In the National, summit of the Buenosairean spectacle, acted for the last time the famous Carlos Gardel. At the end of Currents is the covered stage Luna Park, seat of musical, theater and sport spectacles. Plaza Lavalle. They are in her the Palace of Justice, the Theater of Columbus and the Cervantes Theater.

The main museums of the city are: Historical museum of, President's house Mitre the Museum, Museum of Colonial and Hispano-American Art, Museum of Arms of the Nation, Railway Museum, National Historical Museum, Ethnographic Museum, National Museum of Beautiful Arts and Argentine Museum of Natural Sciences. It cannot be spoken of Buenos Aires without mentioning his more well-known districts, like select and the exclusive ones of Palermo, Retirement and the Recoleta, or most popular of the Mouth, South Cathedral, San Telmo, Belgrano or Nuñez.